Dried chokeberry seeds
Dried chokeberry seeds
In recent years, much attention has been paid to issues related to the presence of natural biologically active substances in food and feed, which play an important role in protecting against the harmful effects of free radicals. The active ingredients of chokeberry, considered the healthiest in the world, have been widely studied among various plants from the Rosaceae family. They are a very valuable source of many different active compounds, including: flavonoids, anthocyanins, tannins, pectins, minerals (K, Zn) and vitamins (C and P). Their concentration depends on many factors, such as the type of cultivation, fertilization method, fruit maturity, time and place of harvest. The lack of scientific reports indicating adverse effects of chokeberry consumption is particularly noteworthy. The small number of in vivo studies mainly include experiments on rats and humans. Several reports describe the antioxidant effect of chokeberry in animals by reducing lipid peroxidation and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Chokeberry seed oil is particularly rich in alpha-linolenic acid (29.78% of the total number of acids), this acid has a special anti-inflammatory effect and belongs to the omega-3 family.
Table 1.
The basic composition of dried black chokeberries
Wyszczególnienie | Aronia |
sucha masa (%) | 90,21 |
popiół surowy (%) | 1,95 |
białko ogólne (%) | 12,77 |
tuszcz surowy (%) | 6,15 |
włókno surowe (%) | 18,25 |
sód (g/kg) | 0,037 |
potas (g/kg) | 2,28 |
wapń (g/kg) | 2,56 |
fosfor (g/kg) | 2,24 |
magnez (g/kg) | 0,8 |
żelazo (mg/kg) | 175 |
mangan (mg/kg) | 30,5 |
cynk (mg/kg) | 17,2 |
Miedź (mg/kg) | 2,12 |
Tabela 3.
Zawartość aminokwasów w suszonych wytłokach z jabłek, truskawek, porzeczki czarnej, aronii czarnoowocowej i marchwi (mg/g-1 s.m.)
Aminokwasy | Aronia |
kwas asparaginowy (asp) | 8,91 |
treonina (thr) | 2,98 |
seryna (ser) | 3,68 |
kwas glutaminowy (glu) | 19,79 |
prolina (pro) | 3,24 |
glicyna (gly) | 6,38 |
alanina (ala) | 4,1 |
walina (val) | 4,21 |
izoleucyna (ile) | 3,78 |
leucyna (leu) | 6,86 |
tyrozyna (tyr) | 2,47 |
fenyloalanina (phe) | 4,3 |
histydyna (his) | 2,47 |
lizyna (lys) | 3,67 |
arginina (arg) | 7,91 |
cysteina (cys) | 1,84 |
metionina (met) | 1,77 |
tryptofan (try) | 1,33 |
Tabela 2. Średnia zawartość antocyjanów w nasionach aronii, obliczona na podstawie pomiarów spektrofotometrycznych w mg/100 g-1 s.m.
Surowiec | Suma antocyjanów (mg/100g-1 s.m.) |
Aronia (Chockeberry) | 135,08±6,68 |
Tabela 4.
Skład kwasów tłuszczowych w suszonych nasionach aronii czarnoowocowej (% sumy kwasów tłuszczowych)
Kwasy tłuszczowe | Aronia |
c8:0 | 0,02 |
c12:0 | 0,07 |
c14:0 | 0,12 |
c16:0 | 5,48 |
c16:1 | 0,19 |
c18:0 | 1,71 |
c18:1 | 16,38 |
c18:2 | 43,43 |
gama18:3 | 0,03 |
c18:3 | 29,78 |
CLA c9-t11 | 0,01 |
c18:4 | 0,02 |
CLA c9-c11 | 0 |
c20:0 | 1,52 |
c20:1 * | 0,33 |
c20:2 | 0,14 |
c20:4 | 0 |
c20:5 (EPA) | 0 |
c22:0 | 0,59 |
c22:5 | 0,17 |
C22:6 (DHA) | 0 |
SFA | 9,51 |
UFA | 90,49 |
PUFA n-6 | 43,6 |
PUFA n-3 | 29,97 |